A Mechanism for Large-Amplitude Parallel Electrostatic Waves Observed at the Magnetopause

Large-amplitude electrostatic waves propagating parallel to the background magnetic field have been observed at Earth’s magnetopause by Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft. These are in region where there is an intermixing of magnetosheath and magnetospheric plasmas. The plasma modeled as a five-component consisting three types electrons, namely, two counterstreaming hot electron beams cold ions, protons proton beam. Sagdeev pseudo-potential technique used study nonlinear solitary structures. model predicts four modes, slow ion-acoustic mode, fast electron-acoustic mode modes. Except all other modes support solitons. Whereas solitons positive potentials, both negative potentials. For case 4% density, electric ∼(40–120) mV m−1. Fourier transforms (FFT) produce broadband frequency spectra having peaks between ∼100 Hz 1000 Hz. theoretical predictions good agreement with observations. could be relevant explaining low-intensity high (>1 kHz) which also same time.